International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology
Volume 15, Issue 3

Exploring Alleviative Effects of Delonix regia Extracts on Diabetes Mellitus via Inhibiting α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase and Oxidative Stress: Phytochemical Analysis, In-silico and In-vitro Studies

Kamica Yadav1, Monu Yadav1*, Parveen Kumar Goyal2, Sumit Kumar3 

1Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Amity Education Valley, Gurugram, Manesar, Panchgaon, Haryana-122413, India

2Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Panipat Institute of Engineering and Technology (PIET),  Samalkha,  Panipat, Haryana-132102, India

3Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana-123031, India 

Received: 2nd Aug, 2025; Revised: 7th Sep, 2025; Accepted: 10th Sep, 2025; Available Online: 25th Sep, 2025 

ABSTRACT

Diabetes mellitus is known to elevate oxidative stress, which may lead to the development of complications like cardiomyopathy. As reported by the World Health Organization  (WHO), around 830 million individuals worldwide are suffering from diabetes, and about 1.1% of them suffer from diabetic cardiomyopathy. This highlights the importance of managing diabetes effectively to reduce associated risks. This study aimed to explore the antioxidative and antihyperglycemic potential of hydroalcoholic extracted from the leaves (DRL) as well as from flowers (DRF) of Delonix regia, using phytochemical screening, in-vitro assays, and in-silico methods. Plant extracts were analysed for their total phenolic content coupled with flavonoid determination and GC–MS study profiling to identify biologically active compounds. Molecular docking (AutoDock Vina) was used to assess binding interactions of selected phytochemicals with key carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes, α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Drug-likeness as well as ADMET properties were predicted using Swiss ADME. The antioxidant potential was assessed by DPPH free radical inhibition assay, as well as enzyme inhibition assays were conducted for antidiabetic potential. Phytochemical assessment established the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds and 55 other metabolites. Docking results showed that Stigmasterol, Lupeol, Betulin, and β-amyrin strongly bind to α-amylase, whereas Stigmasterol, catechol, gamma sitosterol, and Vitamin E showed binding affinity toward α-glucosidase. ADMET analysis indicated good drug-likeness and non-toxicity. Antioxidant activity (IC₅₀) was 92.22 µg/ml (DRL) and 118.1 µg/ml (DRF), compared to 18.19 µg/ml for ascorbic acid. Enzyme inhibition assays demonstrated strong inhibitory activity against α-amylase (IC50 1.806±0.363 µg/ml for DRL, 4.419 ± 0.347 µg/ml for DRF, and 0.1845 ± 0.10874 µg/ml for acarbose) and α-glucosidase (IC50 0.5263 ± 0.0682 µg /ml for DRL, 2.028 ± 0.5506 µg /ml for DRF, and 13.24 ± 0.05337µg/ml for acarbose), revealing their anti-diabetic potential. Hydroalcoholic extracts of Delonix regia flower and leaf, along with their phytoconstituents, possess potential antioxidant and antidiabetic activities, suggesting their role in diabetes and associated consequences like cardiomyopathy

Keywords: Delonix regia; GCMS analysis; in-silico ADMET; DPPH; α-amylase; α-glucosidase

How to cite this article: Kamica Yadav, Monu Yadav, Parveen Kumar Goyal, Sumit Kumar. Exploring Alleviative Effects of Delonix regia Extracts on Diabetes Mellitus via Inhibiting α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase and Oxidative Stress: Phytochemical Analysis, In-silico and In-vitro Studies. International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology. 2025;15(3):1047-64. doi: 10.25258/ijddt.15.3.21

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