International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology
Volume 15, Issue 3

Methanolic Root Extract of Lygodium flexuosum Effectively Prevents Cigarette Smoke Induced Bronchitis: Experimental Study on Wistar Rats 

Shweta Rathod*, Tusharbindu Deasi, Pravin Tirgar 

School of Pharmacy, R.K. University, Rajkot, Gujrat-360020, India 

Received: 9th Jul, 2025; Revised: 20th Aug, 2025; Accepted: 27th Aug, 2025; Available Online: 25th Sep, 2025

ABSTRACT

Background: Bronchitis is classified as a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which can manifest in either acute or chronic forms, contingent upon its severity. The primary etiology of this condition is cigarette smoking. Lygodium flexuosum (Lygodiacae) is well known as a Choti Bhulan Climbing fern used as a traditional medicine.

Objective: The aim of our research was to examine the preventive potential of Methanolic extract of Lygodium flexuosum Root in cigarette smoke-induced bronchitis by investigating the biochemical, hematological, histological, and cytological approaches in wistar rats.

Methods: In this study, 30 rats were used. The animals were randomly divided into five subgroups, including normal control, negative control, the STD receiving Salbutamol 2 mg/kg, and two treatment groups receiving the L. flexuosum methanolic extract at 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg concentrations (Figure 1). The rats except for the Normal control (exposed to free air) were negative control and treatment groups exposed to cigarette smoke twice a day roughly 10 A.M and 3 P.M for continuous five days per week i.e. 20 days per month using special smoking chamber. Twenty days later a bronchitis model in the rats was achieved. From day 20 onward, plant extracts were administered orally once daily until day 28. The rats were sacrificed and blood, BALF from lung, serum samples of them collected for investigates biochemical, hematological, parameters and isolate the lungs for morphology, histology and cytology study. One-way ANOVA was used to examine the mean differences between the groups. Tukey's post hoc test was then used to determine any intergroup differences.

Results: Both doses of L. flexuosum could significantly (p < 0.001) reduce the raised levels of Total WBC count specially Lymphocytes, Neutrophils and Eosinophil cells, CRP level, IL-6 and Total Albumin and total protein contains of lungs as compared to the negative control group.

Conclusion: The obtained results indicated the bronchitis protective properties of L. flexuosum methanolic extract.

Keywords: L. flexuosum root, Salbutamol, Anti-bronchitis, Cigarette smoke model, IL-6.

How to cite this article: Shweta Rathod, Tusharbindu Deasi, Pravin Tirgar. Methanolic Root Extract of Lygodium flexuosum Effectively Prevents Cigarette Smoke Induced Bronchitis: Experimental Study on Wistar Rats. International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology. 2025;15(3):1258-64. doi: 10.25258/ijddt.15.3.46

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