International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology
Volume 15, Issue 3

Evaluation of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity, Antioxidant Activity, and Quantification of Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents in Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir 

Truc-Ly Thi Duong1,2, Kim Long Vu Huynh3,4, Hai-Yen Tran Huynh3, Quoc-Dung Tran Huynh5, Ngan Hanh Thao Nguyen6, Dang-Khoa Nguyen7* 

1Faculty of Traditional Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 179 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Can Tho, Vietnam

2Department of Analytical Chemistry and Drug Quality Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 179 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Can Tho, Vietnam

3Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City-700000, Vietnam

4Research Group in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City-700000, Vietnam

5Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Binh Duong University, Ho Chi Minh City-700000, Vietnam

6Faculty of Pharmacy, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City-700000, Vietnam

7School of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City-700000, Vietnam

Received: 11th Apr, 2025; Revised: 30th Jul, 2025; Accepted: 7th Sep, 2025; Available Online: 25th Sep, 2025 

ABSTRACT

Phyllanthus reticulatus is an important medicinal plant in traditional medicine, used for treating bone and joint disorders, pain relief, anti-inflammatory purposes, liver protection, diabetes management, and antioxidant activities. This investigation focuses on analyzing the antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities of total and fractionated extracts of Phyllanthus reticulatus, through DPPH radical scavenging and xanthine oxidase inhibition assays, in addition to measuring their phenolic and flavonoid contents. The results indicate that the ethyl acetate (EA) fraction exhibited superior biological activities with the lowest IC50 values, reaching 46.48±8.85 μg/ml for xanthine oxidase and 9.35±0.66 μg/ml for DPPH. The polyphenol and flavonoid content in this fraction were the highest, measuring 365.58±15.57 mg GAE/g and 21.67±1.92 mg QE/g, respectively, highlighting a strong correlation between chemical composition and biological efficacy. The total extract and BuOH and water fractions also demonstrated antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities at varying levels. These findings confirm the potential of the Phyllanthus reticulatus in developing pharmaceutical and functional food products, particularly for treating oxidative stress-related diseases.

Keywords: Phyllanthus reticulatus, TPC, TFC, antioxidant activity, xanthine oxidase.

How to cite this article: Truc-Ly Thi Duong, Kim Long Vu Huynh, Hai-Yen Tran Huynh, Quoc-Dung Tran Huynh, Ngan Hanh Thao Nguyen, Dang-Khoa Nguyen. Evaluation of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity, Antioxidant Activity, and Quantification of Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents in Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir. International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology. 2025;15(3):947-51. doi: 10.25258/ijddt.15.3.6

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