International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology
Volume 14, Issue 1

Therapeutic Potential of Nanomaterial-based Drug Delivery

Vidhya R Umapathy1*, Prabhu M Natarajan2, Bhuminathan Swamikannu3

1Department of Public Health Dentistry, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, India.

2Department of Clinical Sciences, Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences and Research, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE.

3Department of Prosthodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, BIHER, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. 

Received: 27th December, 2023; Revised: 10th January, 2024; Accepted: 12th February, 2024; Available Online: 25th March, 2024

ABSTRACT

The medical market for sophisticated therapeutic medicine delivery systems is growing at a breakneck pace. There are many benefits to using nanotechnology and nanomaterials in treating chronic human illnesses, such as the ability to target the delivery of drugs to particular areas. Improving the therapeutic effectiveness of current and future medications might be as simple as creating new drug delivery methods. The prime applications related to nanomaterial drug delivery include immunotherapeutic agents, diagnostic testing, cancer therapy and nutraceutical delivery. Nanotechnology has the capacity to collaborate with physics, biologists, chemists and pharmaceutics to form a multidisciplinary contribution in the rise of novel diagnostic and therapeutic technology. Nanomaterials can be used in specific sites targeted by drugs for brain illnesses. These nanodrugs can cause lesser immune response and maintain low inflammatory conditions compared to heavy drug particles. Along with this, nanodrugs can cause damage at the genetic level, create oxidative stress and inhibit cell death according to their particle size, shape, surface and its composition. In this current review various applications, current trends and recent developments in nanomaterials are elucidated. The detailed mechanism and cutting edge nanomaterial based drug delivery were explained along with this.

Keywords: Nanotechnology, Nanomaterial, Drug delivery, Immunotherapeutic agents, Nutraceutical delivery, Chronic. International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology (2024); DOI: 10.25258/ijddt.14.1.76

How to cite this article: Umapathy VR, Natarajan PM, Swamikannu B. Therapeutic Potential of Nanomaterial-based Drug Delivery. International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology. 2024;14(1):556-563.

REFERENCES

  1. Mansoori GA, Soelaiman Nanotechnology--An introduction for the standards community. ASTM International. 2005; 2(6):1-DOI: 10.1520/JAI13110.
  2. Bayda S, Adeel M, Tuccinardi T, Cordani M, Rizzolio F. The History of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology: From Chemical- Physical Applications to Nanomedicine. Molecules. 2019 Dec 27;25(1):112. doi: 10.3390/molecules25010112.
  3. Lahir YH, Avti Nanomaterials and Their Interactive Behavior with Biomolecules, Cells and Tissues. Bentham Science Publishers, 2020; DOI: 10.2174/97898114617811200101
  4. Nel AE, Mädler L, Velegol D, Xia T, Hoek EM, Somasundaran P, Klaessig F, Castranova V, Thompson M. Understanding biophysicochemical interactions at the nano-bio interface. Nature 2009;8(7):543-57. doi: 10.1038/nmat2442.
  5. Ke PC, Lin S, Parak WJ, Davis TP, Caruso A Decade of the Protein Corona. ACS Nano. 2017 ;11(12):11773-11776. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.7b08008.
  6. Mody VV, Siwale R, Singh A, and Mody ,. Introduction to metallic nanoparticles. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences, 2010; 2(4), 282.
  7. Rai M, Ingle AP, Gupta I, Brandelli Bioactivity of noble metal nanoparticles decorated with biopolymers and their application in drug delivery. The International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 2015;496(2):159-72. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.10.059.
  8. Satapathy SR, Nayak A, Siddharth S, Das S, Nayak D, Kundu CN. Metallic gold and bioactive quinacrine hybrid nanoparticles inhibit oral cancer stem cell and angiogenesis by deregulating inflammatory cytokines in p53 dependent Nanomedicine. 2018 ;14(3):883-896. doi: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.01.007.
  9. Selvido DI, Bhattarai BP, Rokaya D, Niyomtham N, Wongsirichat Pain in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Implant Dentistry: Types and Management. European Journal of Dental 2021;15(3):588-598. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1725212.
  10. Sahu T, RatreYK, Chauhan S, Bhaskar LVKS, Nair MP & Verma Nanotechnology based drug delivery system: Current strategies and emerging therapeutic potential for medical science. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 2021, 63, 102487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102487
  11. Mahon E, Salvati A, Baldelli Bombelli F, Lynch I, Dawson Designing the nanoparticle-biomolecule interface for “targeting and therapeutic delivery”. Journal of Control Release. 2012;161(2):164-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.04.009.
  12. Nobs L, Buchegger F, Gurny R, Allémann E. Current methods for attaching targeting ligands to liposomes and nanoparticles. Journal of Pharmaceutical Science. 2004; 93(8):1980-92. doi: 1002/jps.20098.
  13. Samuel SP, Jain N, O’Dowd F, Paul T, Kashanin D, Gerard VA, Gun’ko YK, Prina-Mello A, Volkov Multifactorial determinants that govern nanoparticle uptake by human endothelial cells under flow. Internationa Journal of Nanomedicine. 2012;7:2943-56. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S30624.
  14. Ando J, Yamamoto K. Vascular mechanobiology: endothelial cell responses to fluid shear stress. Circulation Journal. 2009;73(11):1983-92. doi: 10.1253/circj.cj-09-0583.
  15. Narayanunni, V., Kheireddin, B. A., & Akbulut, M. (2011). Influence of surface topography on frictional properties of Cu surfaces under different lubrication conditions: Comparison of dry, base oil, and ZnS nanowire-based lubrication system. Tribology international, 44(12), 1720-1725
  16. Akbulut M. Nanoparticle-based lubrication systems. Journal of Powder Metallurgy and Mining, 2012; 1(1), 1-3. doi: 4172/2168- 9806.1000e101.
  17. Simões MF, Ottoni CA, Antunes Biogenic Metal Nanoparticles: A New Approach to Detect Life on Mars? Life (Basel). 2020;10(3):28. doi: 10.3390/life10030028.
  18. Rivolta I, Panariti A, Lettiero B, Sesana S, Gasco P, Gasco MR, Masserini M, Miserocchi Cellular uptake of coumarin-6 as a model drug loaded in solid lipid nanoparticles. Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 2011;62(1):45-53.
  19. Hillaireau H, Couvreur P. Nanocarriers’ entry into the cell: relevance to drug Cellular and molecular life sciences. 2009 ;66(17):2873-96. doi: 10.1007/s00018-009-0053-z.
  20. Brown D, Gluck S, Hartwig Structure of the novel membrane- coating material in proton-secreting epithelial cells and identification as an H+ATPase. Journal of Cell Biology. 1987;105(4):1637-48. doi: 10.1083/jcb.
  21. Behzadi S, Serpooshan V, Tao W, Hamaly MA, Alkawareek MY, Dreaden EC, Brown D, Alkilany AM, Farokhzad OC, Mahmoudi M. Cellular uptake of nanoparticles: journey inside the Chemical Society Reviews. 2017 ;46(14):4218-4244. doi: 10.1039/c6cs00636a.
  22. Schäfer V, von Briesen H, Andreesen R, Steffan AM, Royer C, Tröster S, Kreuter J, Rübsamen-Waigmann H. Phagocytosis of nanoparticles by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected macrophages: a possibility for antiviral drug targeting. Pharmaceutical Research. 1992;9(4):541-6. doi: 1023/a:1015852732512.
  23. Liu Y, Ibricevic A, Cohen JA, Cohen JL, Gunsten SP, Fréchet JM, Walter MJ, Welch MJ, Brody Impact of hydrogel nanoparticle size and functionalization on in vivo behavior for lung imaging and therapeutics. Molecular Pharmaceutics. 2009 ;6(6):1891-902. doi: 10.1021/mp900215p.
  24. McMahon HT, Boucrot Molecular mechanism and physiological functions of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 2011;12(8):517-33. doi: 10.1038/nrm3151.
  25. Kerr MC, Teasdale RD. Defining macropinocytosis. Traffic. 2009;10(4):364-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2009.00878.x.
  26. Falcone S, Cocucci E, Podini P, Kirchhausen T, Clementi E, Meldolesi J. Macropinocytosis: regulated coordination of endocytic and exocytic membrane traffic Journal of Cell Science. 2006;119(Pt 22):4758-69. doi: 10.1242/jcs.03238.
  27. Carver LA, Schnitzer JE. Caveolae: mining little caves for new cancer targets. Nature Review Cancer. 2003;3(8):571-81. doi: 1038/nrc1146.
  28. Yameen B, Choi WI, Vilos C, Swami A, Shi J, Farokhzad OC. Insight into nanoparticle cellular uptake and intracellular targeting. J Control Release. 2014 ;190:485-99. doi: 10.1016/j. 2014.06.038.
  29. Lajoie P, Nabi IR. Regulation of raft-dependent endocytosis. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine 2007 11(4):644-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2007.00083.x
  30. Foerg C, Ziegler U, Fernandez-Carneado J, Giralt E, Rennert R, Beck-Sickinger AG, Merkle Decoding the entry of two novel cell-penetrating peptides in HeLa cells: lipid raft- mediated endocytosis and endosomal escape. Biochemistry. 2005 11;44(1):72-81. doi: 10.1021/bi048330+.
  31. Shin SR, Bae H, Cha JM, Mun JY, Chen YC, Tekin H, Shin H, Zarabi S, Dokmeci MR, Tang S, Khademhosseini A. Carbon nanotube reinforced hybrid microgels as scaffold materials for cell encapsulation. ACS Nano. 2012;6(1):362-72. doi: 10.1021/ nn203711s.
  32. Salvador-Morales C, Flahaut E, Sim E, Sloan J, Green ML, Sim RB. Complement activation and protein adsorption by carbon nanotubes. Molecular Immunology. 2006 ;43(3):193-201. doi: 1016/j.molimm.2005.02.006.
  33. Díaz A, Willis AC, Sim RB. Expression of the proteinase specialized in bone resorption, cathepsin K, in granulomatous inflammation. Molecualr Medicine. 2000;6(8):648-59.
  34. Fearon DT, Carroll Regulation of B lymphocyte responses to foreign and self-antigens by the CD19/CD21 complex. Annual Review Immunology. 2000;18:393-422. doi: 10.1146/annurev. immunol.18.1.393.
  35. Liu, , Yu, D., Zeng, C., Miao, Z., & Dai, L. (2010).Biocompatible graphene oxide-based glucose biosensors. Langmuir, 26(9), 6158-6160.
  36. Hu W, Peng C, Luo W, Lv M, Li X, Li D, Huang Q, Fan C. Graphene-based antibacterial paper. ACS Nano. 2010 Jul 27;4(7):4317-23. doi: 1021/nn101097v.
  37. Almeida AJ, Souto Solid lipid nanoparticles as a drug delivery system for peptides and proteins. Advanced Drug Delivery Review. 2007;59(6):478-90. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2007.04.007.
  38. Qi J, Lu Y, Wu Absorption, disposition and pharmacokinetics of solid lipid nanoparticles. Current Drug Metabolism. 201;13(4):418-28. doi: 10.2174/138920012800166526.
  39. Saxena V, Diaz A, Clearfield A, Batteas JD, Hussain MD. Zirconium phosphate nanoplatelets: a biocompatible nanomaterial for drug delivery to cancer. Nanoscale. 2013 Mar 21;5(6):2328-36. doi: 10.1039/c3nr34242e.
  40. Bera, , Maiti, S., Maity, M., Mandal, C., & Maiti, N. C. (2018). Porphyrin–Gold nanomaterial for efficient drug delivery to cancerous cells. Acs Omega, 3(4), 4602-4619.
  41. Vijay R, Mendhi J, Prasad K, Xiao Y, MacLeod J, Ostrikov KK, Zhou Y. Carbon Nanomaterials Modified Biomimetic Dental Implants for Diabetic Patients. Nanomaterials (Basel). 2021;11(11):2977. doi: 3390/nano11112977.
  42. Kim, D. H., & Martin, D. C. (2006). Sustained release of dexamethasone from hydrophilic matrices using PLGA nanoparticles for neural drug delivery. Biomaterials, 27(15), 3031-3037.
  43. Tian XH, Lin XN, Wei F, Feng W, Huang ZC, Wang P, Ren L, Diao Y. Enhanced brain targeting of temozolomide in polysorbate-80 coated polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles. International Journal of Nanomedicine. 2011;6:445-52. doi: 2147/IJN.S16570.
  44. W ilson B, Samanta MK, Santhi K, Kumar KP, Paramakrishnan N, Suresh B. Poly(n-butylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with polysorbate 80 for the targeted delivery of rivastigmine into the brain to treat Alzheimer’s disease. Brain Res. 2008 20;1200:159-68. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.01.039.
  45. Sahoo SK, Ma W, Labhasetwar V. Efficacy of transferrin- conjugated paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles in a murine model of prostate International Journal of Cancer. 2004;112(2):335-40. doi: 10.1002/ijc.20405.
  46. Wong HL, Bendayan R, Rauth AM, Li Y, Wu Chemotherapy with anticancer drugs encapsulated in solid lipid nanoparticles. Advanced Drug Delivery Review. 2007 Jul 10;59(6):491-504. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2007.04.008.
  47. Guo Q, Guo Q, Yuan J & Zeng J. (2014). Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using a kind of f lavonol:Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 441, 127-132.
  48. Saraogi GK, Gupta P, Gupta UD, Jain NK, Agrawal Gelatin nanocarriers as potential vectors for effective management of tuberculosis. International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 2010 ;385(1- 2):143-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.10.004.
  49. Soppimath KS, Aminabhavi TM, Kulkarni AR, Rudzinski WE. Biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles as drug delivery J Control Release. 2001 Jan 29;70(1-2):1-20. doi: 10.1016/s0168- 3659(00)00339-4.
  50. Nagavarma BVN, Yadav HK, , Ayaz AVLS, Vasudha, LS., & Shivakumar, H. G. (2012). Different techniques for preparation of polymeric nanoparticles-a review. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 5(3), 16-23.
  51. Kenchegowda M, Rahamathulla M, Hani U, Begum MY, Guruswamy S, Osmani RAM, Gowrav MP, Alshehri S, Ghoneim MM, Alshlowi A, Gowda DV. Smart Nanocarriers as an Emerging Platform for Cancer Therapy: A Molecules. 2021 ;27(1):146. doi: 10.3390/molecules270101
  52. Sailaja AK, Amareshwar,P, Chakravarty Different techniques used for the preparation of nanoparticles using natural polymers and their application. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 2011, 3(2), 45-50.
  53. Berda EB, Foster EJ, Meijer EW (2010). Toward controlling folding in synthetic polymers: fabricating and characterizing supramolecular single-chain nanoparticles. Macromolecules, 43(3), 1430-1437.
  54. Begines B, Ortiz T, Pérez-Aranda M, Martínez G, Merinero M, Argüelles-Arias F, Alcudia A. Polymeric Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery: Recent Developments and Future Prospects. Nanomaterials (Basel). 2020 Jul 19;10(7):1403. doi: 10.3390/
  55. Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, Ferlay J, Ward E, Forman D. Global cancer CA: a cancer journal for clinicians, 61(2), 69-90. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21660
  56. Marcazzan S, Varoni EM, Blanco E, Lodi G, Ferrari M. Nanomedicine, an emerging therapeutic strategy for oral cancer therapy. Oral Oncology. 2018;76:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j. 2017.11.014.
  57. Endo, K., Ueno, T., Kondo, S., Wakisaka, N., Murono, S., Ito, M.,& Yoshizaki, (2013). Tumor‐targeted chemotherapy with the nanopolymer‐based drug NC‐6004 for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer science, 104(3), 369-374.
  58. Muchow M, Maincent P, Muller RH. Lipid nanoparticles with a solid matrix (SLN, NLC, LDC) for oral drug delivery. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy. 2008;34(12):1394-405. doi: 10.1080/03639040802130061.
  59. Khurana RK, Bansal AK, Beg S, Burrow AJ, Katare OP, Singh KK, Singh Enhancing biopharmaceutical attributes of phospholipid complex-loaded nanostructured lipidic carriers of mangiferin: Systematic development, characterization and evaluation. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 2017 ;518(1- 2):289-306. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.12.044.
  60. Ahmad J, Amin S, Rahman M, Rub RA, Singhal M, Ahmad MZ, Rahman Z, Addo RT, Ahmad FJ, Mushtaq G, Kamal MA, Akhter S. Solid Matrix Based Lipidic Nanoparticles in Oral Cancer Chemotherapy: Applications and Pharmacokinetics. Current Drug 2015;16(8):633-44. doi: 10.2174/138 9200216666150812122128.
  61. Hattori Y, Maitani Enhanced in vitro DNA transfection efficiency by novel folate-linked nanoparticles in human prostate cancer and oral cancer. Journal of Control Release. 2004;97(1):173-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.03.007.
  62. Jeong YI, Kang MK, Sun HS, Kang SS, Kim HW, Moon KS, Lee KJ, Kim SH, Jung S. All-trans-retinoic acid release from core-shell type nanoparticles of poly(epsilon-caprolactone)/ poly(ethylene glycol) diblock copolymer. International Journal of Pharmaceutical . 2004 ;273(1-2):95-107. doi: 10.1016/j. 2003.12.012.
  63. Yu D, Wang A, Huang H, Chen PEG-PBLG nanoparticle-mediated HSV-TK/GCV gene therapy for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Nanomedicine (Lond). 2008 ;3(6):813-21. doi: 10.2217/17435889.3.6.813.
  64. Villanueva-Flores F, Castro-Lugo A, Ramírez OT, Palomares Understanding cellular interactions with nanomaterials: towards a rational design of medical nanodevices. Nanotechnology. 202;31(13):132002. doi: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab5bc8.
  65. Jiang W, Kim BY, Rutka JT, Chan Nanoparticle-mediated cellular response is size-dependent. Natural Nanotechnology 2008 ;3(3):145-50. doi: 10.1038/nnano.2008.30..