1Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Prakash Institute of Medical Sciences, Islampur, India
2*Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College and Hospital, Sangli, India. Email: dr.archanasalunkhe.as@gmail.com
3Professor and Head, Department of Anatomy, Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical College and Research Center, Adgaon, Nashik, India
4Professor, Department of Anatomy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College and Hospital, Sangli, India
5Professor, Department of Anatomy, D.Y. Patil Medical College and Hospital, Kolhapur, India
Background: Proper estimation of gestational age is crucial in the process of effective prenatal care and obstetric control. Ultrasonography is a good method of measuring fetal biometrics in order to estimate the gestational age of a pregnancy.
Objective: To determine reference values of the fetal biometric measurements of biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), and femur length (FL) during the second trimester and determine the relationship between these variables and gestational age.
Materials and Methods: 350 healthy pregnant women aged 14-27 weeks of gestation that were visiting the Department of Radiology were studied in a cross-sectional study. Measurement of BPD, HC, AC, and FL was carried out with the help of real-time ultrasonography through the usage of linear array transducer. Women pregnant more than once, with illnesses in the maternal tract, doubtful last menstrual period, or fetal anomalies were excluded. Statistical analysis involved determination of mean, standard deviation, correlation and unpaired t-test.
Results: All the four biometric parameters depicted a linear increase with the increasing gestational age. The results of BPD varied between 23-73 mm (mean: 50.91±38.26 mm), FL between 10-53 mm (mean: 34.05±12.06 mm), AC between 62-229 mm (mean: 152.27±51.8 mm) and HC between 82-268 mm (mean: 179.51±51.8 mm). The BPD-HC (r=0.4), BPD-AC (r=0.41), BPD-FL (r=0.405), HC-AC (r=0.925), HC-FL (r=0.949), and AC-FL (r=0.957) were found to be strongly positively correlated with each other. All the correlations were significant (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Ultrasonographic fetal biometry has good correlation with gestational age during the second trimester. The multiple parameters used together with each other lead to better accuracy of estimation of gestational age. The developed reference values are good indices to clinical obstetric practice within the population of the region.
Keywords: Ultrasonography, Fetal biometry, Gestational age, Biparietal diameter, Femur length, Second trimester
How to cite this article: Ghotane B, Salunkhe AV, Dakhane P, Patil P, Nikam V. Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Fetal Biometric Parameters for Gestational Age Estimation in Second Trimester Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Drug Deliv Technol. 2026;16(10s): 494-504; DOI: 10.25258/ijddt.16.10s.62
Source of support: Nil.
Conflict of interest: None