1Research Scholar, Department of Botany, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam - 530003, Andhra Pradesh, India. Email: suguna.g657@gmail.com
2Research Scholar, Department of Botany, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam - 530003, Andhra Pradesh, India. Email: chalugusowmithri@gmail.com
3Lecturer in Botany, Government College, Thogaram - 532484, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India. Email: paidiramarao27@gmail.com
4Professor, Department of Botany, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam - 530003, Andhra Pradesh, India. Email: sbpadal08@gmail.com
Corresponding Author: G. Suguna, Research Scholar, Department of Botany, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam - 530003, Andhra Pradesh, India. Email: suguna.g657@gmail.com; Phone: 9703894936
The present study focuses on the comprehensive phytochemical profiling and antibacterial evaluation of Anogeissus latifolia bark extracts using various solvents. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted to determine the presence and concentration of major bioactive constituents contributing to the plant's ethnomedicinal significance. Preliminary phytochemical screening of bark extracts in acetone, benzene, chloroform, ether, carbinol, and water confirmed the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, tannins, glycosides, proteins, and quinones. Methanol (carbinol) and aqueous extracts exhibited strong extraction capabilities for phenolics and flavonoids, whereas chloroform and methanol preferentially extracted terpenoids and steroids. These variations highlight the solvent- dependent distribution of phytochemicals influencing the biological properties of the extracts. Quantitative estimation revealed that methanol extract possessed the highest total phenolic content (326.8 ± 22.6 mg GAE/g), total flavonoid content (135.4 ± 10.5 μg quercetin/mg), and total tannin content (95.4 ± 10.4 mg TAE/g), followed by chloroform, water, and acetone extracts. The abundance of phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins underscores the potential of A. latifolia as a rich source of antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds. These phytochemicals are known to contribute to various pharmacological effects including anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, and antibacterial activities, thereby supporting the traditional use of the plant in folk medicine. The antibacterial potential of the bark extracts was assessed against Clostridium perfringens, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhimurium using the agar well diffusion method. Among the tested extracts, the carbinol extract exhibited the most pronounced antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones of 22.3 ± 0.36 mm and 21.4 ± 0.45 mm against P. aeruginosa and C. perfringens, respectively, comparable to the standard antibiotic chloramphenicol. Water and ether extracts showed moderate to low inhibitory effects. The results clearly demonstrate that solvent polarity significantly influences the extraction efficiency and antibacterial efficacy of A. latifolia bark. Overall, the study establishes a strong correlation between phytochemical richness and antibacterial potential, highlighting Anogeissus latifolia bark, particularly its methanolic extract, as a promising source of natural bioactive compounds for the development of plant- based antimicrobial agents.
Keywords: Anogeissus latifolia, phytochemical profiling, antibacterial activity, phenolic content, flavonoids, ethnomedicine.
How to cite this article: Suguna G, Sowmithri Ch, Rao PR, Padal SB. Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Profiling of Anogeissus latifolia (Roxb. ex DC.) Wall. ex Guill. & Perr. Bark with Assessment of Antibacterial Activity. Int J Drug Deliv Technol. 2026;16(12s): 11-19. DOI: 10.25258/ijddt.16.12s.3
Source of support: Nil.
Conflict of interest: None