1Department of Pharmacology, RR College of Pharmacy, Guddahalli, Karnataka-560090, India
2Department of Pharmacology, Shriram College of Pharmacy, Banmore, Madhya Pradesh-476444, India
3Department of Pharmacology, East West College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, Karnataka-560091, India
4Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Technology, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Bengaluru 560056, Karnataka, India
*Corresponding Author: Dr. Deeparani Urolagin, Professor and HOD, RR College of Pharmacy, Guddahalli, Karnataka-560090, India. ORCID: 0000-0003-2391-3526. E-mail: deepaurolagin@gmail.com. Mob: +91-7829030379
Objective: Hyperlipidaemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and requires effective therapeutic strategies. The present study evaluated the antihyperlipidaemic activity of the ethanolic root extract of Psidium guajava in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced dyslipidaemia model in Wistar rats.
Materials and Methods: Hyperlipidaemia was induced by feeding rats an HFD for 28 days. Animals were divided into five groups (n = 6): normal control, HFD control, standard treatment with Atorvastatin (10 mg/kg, i.p.), and two extract-treated groups receiving P. guajava extract at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg (p.o.), respectively. Body weight was monitored, and serum lipid parameters including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) were estimated using standard enzymatic methods. Liver tissues were subjected to histopathological examination.
Results: HFD-fed rats showed significant body weight gain and dyslipidaemia, evidenced by elevated TC, TG, and VLDL levels and reduced HDL compared to the normal control group. Treatment with atorvastatin significantly improved these parameters. The ethanolic extract of P. guajava produced dose-dependent reductions in TC, TG, and VLDL levels, along with increased HDL levels. The higher dose (400 mg/kg) demonstrated effects comparable to the standard drug. Histopathological analysis indicated that extract treatment attenuated HFD-induced hepatic alterations and preserved normal liver architecture.
Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that Psidium guajava ethanolic root extract exhibits significant antihyperlipidaemic activity, particularly at higher doses, and offers protective effects against diet-induced biochemical and hepatic changes.
Keywords: Psidium guajava, Cholesterol, Atorvastatin, Hyperlipidaemia, Atherosclerosis
How to cite this article: Kashyap A, Urolagin D, Mishra R, Sowmya BA, Sukrutha SK. Evaluation of Anti-Hyperlipidemic Activity of Ethanolic Root Extract of Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae) in Wistar Rat. Int J Drug Deliv Technol. 2026;16(13s): 471-478. DOI: 10.25258/ijddt.16.13s.51
Source of support: Nil.
Conflict of interest: None