International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology
Volume 16, Issue 13s, 2026

Role of Leptin Gene Variants in Oxidative Stress–Mediated Pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Urvashi Midha1*, Dr. Juhi Aggarwal2

1*Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Biochemistry, Santosh Deemed to Be University, Ghaziabad, UP. Email: urvashimidha28@gmail.com. Orcid id: 0009-0001-0398-6464. Contact no.: 9460265298 (Corresponding Author)

2Professor and Head, Department of Biochemistry, Santosh Deemed to Be University, Ghaziabad, UP. Email: jaggarwal38@gmail.com. Orcid id: 0000-0003-2883-6785


ABSTRACT

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine–metabolic disorder affecting women of reproductive age. Genetic, hormonal, and oxidative stress mechanisms underlie its heterogeneous presentation. Leptin, encoded by the LEP gene, plays a pivotal role in regulating energy balance, inflammation, and reproduction. Polymorphisms in the LEP gene, particularly the promoter variant −2548G/A (rs7799039) modulate leptin levels and metabolic responses. Recent evidence also implicates oxidative stress, characterised by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impaired antioxidant defence, in PCOS pathogenesis.

Objective: This review summarises current knowledge on the molecular interplay between leptin gene polymorphisms and oxidative stress in PCOS, drawing insights from both global and Indian populations. We highlight genetic mechanisms, biomarker correlations, and potential therapeutic implications.

Keywords: Leptin, LEP gene, polymorphism, oxidative stress, PCOS, insulin resistance, Inflammation

How to cite this article: Midha U, Aggarwal J. Role of Leptin Gene Variants in Oxidative Stress–Mediated Pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Int J Drug Deliv Technol. 2026;16(13s): 742-748. DOI: 10.25258/ijddt.16.13s.80.

Source of support: Nil.

Conflict of interest: None