1Pharmaceutics, SVERI College of Pharmacy (Poly.), Gopalpur, Tal-Pandharpur, Dist-Solapur, Pin-413304, India
2*Bharati Vidyapeeth Institute of Pharmacy, CBD, Belpaur, Navi Mumbai-400 614 India
3D. Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur-416006, India
4Padmini College of Pharmacy, Dighanchi
Colorectal cancer is a worldwide human health crisis whose morbidity and mortality are rising and therefore requires search to identify new therapeutic agents with increased efficacy and less toxicity. Eugenol is a naturally occurring phenolic compound which has already been shown to have promising anticancer properties, but is poorly bioavailable and has a short half-life. This study assessed the antitumor activity and antioxidant properties of the eugenol-loaded phytosomes surface-modified to Eudragit S100 polymer, which is an enteric polymer. Three concentrations, namely Low (0.5 g Eudragit S100, 1% w/v), Medium (1.5 g, 3% w/v), and High (2.5 g, 5% w/v), were made using a freeze-drying procedure with the aid of maltodextrin as a cryoprotectant. The DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay was used to determine the in-vitro antioxidant activity of the High concentration formulation and the results showed that the formulation exhibited a moderate antioxidant activity with IC50 of 1695.57 ug/mL and maximum inhibition of 37.27% at 1000 ug/mL. Cytotoxic assay with Colo-205 human colon adenocarcinoma cells using MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide) assay showed results of dose-dependent inhibition of cell viability. The High concentration phytosome formulation had a longer IC50 value of 82.56 ug/mL which resulted into the cell death rate of 55.05% at the maximum concentration (100 ug/mL) which is better in comparison with unconjugated eugenol. A comparison with chemotherapy standard, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, IC50 = 33.89 ug/mL) showed that the optimized phytosome formulation has a similar cytotoxic effect at significantly lower molecular weight concentrations. These results prove the Eudragit S100-coated eugenol phytosomes as a prospective theranostic system in targeted colon cancer chemoprevention and adjuvant therapeutic delivery.
Keywords: Eugenol phytosomes, Eudragit S100, Colon cancer, DPPH antioxidant assay, MTT cytotoxicity, Colo-205 cells, Targeted drug delivery.
How to cite this article: Survase K, Patil AR, Pawar N, Kaulagi SV, Deshmukh VR, Jangme C. Antitumor and Antioxidant Efficacy of Eugenol-Loaded Phytosomes Coated with Eudragit S100: An In-Vitro Evaluation Against Human Colon Cancer Cells. Int J Drug Deliv Technol. 2026;16(15s): 1075-1088. DOI: 10.25258/ijddt.16.15s.119
Source of support: Nil.
Conflict of interest: None