12nd year PGT, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT University, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
2Lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, AIMST University, Kedah, Malaysia
3Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Government Dental College, Silchar, Assam, India
4*Professor & HOD, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, D.Y. Patil Dental School, Lohegaon, Pune, Maharashtra, India
5Associate Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
6Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India
7Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, School of Dental Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
Background: Benefitting from a successful treatment requires effective disinfection during root canal therapy. Because the root canal system has complex anatomy, mechanical instrumentation cannot eliminate all microorganisms by themselves. Different systems for irrigant application have been engineered to enhance the antimicrobial activity of irrigants, while the clinical effectiveness of these systems is still unknown.
Aim: The objective of present study is to comparatively analyze the efficacy of different irrigating systems administration in intracanal microbial load and post-operative pain during root canal treatment.
Methods and Materials: The randomized clinical trial we eventually conduct as prospective. It is performed on 100 patients. They are requiring primary root canal treatment. The study is performed on single-rooted teeth. The patients were randomly assigned into 4 groups (n = 25) as syringe and needle irrigation, passive ultrasonic irrigation, sonic activation irrigation, and negative pressure irrigation. A standardized rotary instrumentation protocol was used for preparing all canals and irrigation was done with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) followed by 17% EDTA. Microbiological samples were collected using sterile paper points prior to instrumentation (S1) and after chemomechanical preparation (S2). CFU was used to quantify bacterial counts. Assessment of postoperative pain with a visual analogue score were done at 24 and 48 hours. Statistical analysis was done using STATA software, with a significance of p < 0.05.
Result: All the irrigation systems used a significant intracanal microbial load reduction (p < 0.001). The systems that achieved the maximum decrease in microorganisms were negative pressure irrigation, followed by passive ultrasonic and sonic activation systems. The lowest reduction was observed in control syringe irrigation. The ultrasonic and negative pressure groups had significantly lower pain scores compared to the conventional irrigation group on postoperative period.
Conclusion: Negative pressure and passive ultrasonic irrigation systems represent new concepts in irrigation. These concepts may improve canal disinfection and reduce postoperative discomfort compared to conventional syringe irrigation which supports the clinical use of these systems in endodontics.
Keywords: Chemo-mechanical preparation, Irrigation systems, Microbial reduction, Root canal disinfection, Sodium hypochlorite.
How to cite this article: Jain C, Kumari MK, Roy S, Karande V, Chandrasekaran S, Dumont NV, Kumari A. Comparative Assessment of Different Irrigation Systems for Root Canal Disinfections: A Clinical Trial. Int J Drug Deliv Technol. 2026;16(15s): 688-696. DOI: 10.25258/ijddt.16.15s.79
Source of support: Nil.
Conflict of interest: None