Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health concern in Saudi Arabia, particularly among high-risk populations. Understanding the epidemiological characteristics, TB classification, and factors influencing treatment outcomes is essential for effective disease management. Objective: This study aimed to assess the epidemiological profile and tuberculosis classification among patients admitted to Almadinah Almonawarah Hospitals from 2020 to 2024 and to determine the association between sociodemographic characteristics, selected risk factors, and TB treatment outcomes. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using medical records of TB patients admitted between 2020 and 2024. Data on demographics, occupation, nationality, TB classification, comorbidities, and treatment outcomes were extracted and analyzed. Descriptive statistics summarized patient characteristics, while the Chi-Square test evaluated associations between sociodemographic and clinical risk factors with TB outcomes. A p-value 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 289 TB patients were included, with cases peaking in 2021 (31.5%) and declining to 8.0% in 2024. Most patients were male (62.6%), aged 21–41 years (57.1%), non-Saudi (61.2%), and unemployed (85.5%). Pulmonary TB was the predominant type (81.7%), while extra-pulmonary TB accounted for 6.9%, and 11.4% of cases were classified as other (miliary, latent, or unclassified). Significant associations were observed between TB outcomes and year of diagnosis (p=0.032), age (p=0.020), and occupation (p=0.026), whereas gender, nationality, and clinical risk factors—including diabetes, lung diseases, AIDS, immunosuppressive therapy, and cancer—showed no significant impact on treatment outcomes. Conclusion: TB in Almadinah Almonawarah Hospitals predominantly affects young, male, non-Saudi, and unemployed populations, with pulmonary TB as the main clinical presentation. Sociodemographic factors, particularly age, year of diagnosis, and occupation, significantly influence treatment outcomes, while comorbidities have minimal effect. These findings emphasize the need for targeted public health interventions, early detection strategies, and enhanced support for high-risk groups to optimize TB management and reduce disease burden
Keywords: Tuberculosis, Epidemiology, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Treatment Outcomes, Saudi Arabia, Risk Factors.
How to cite this article:Albalawi EA, Albalawi TA, Alruwaili Y, Aljuaid TM., Awareness, Attitude and Clinical Adoption of Advanced Local Drug Delivery and Controlled Release Systems in Dental Practice: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire-Based Study.. Int J Drug Deliv Technol. 2026;16(1s): 1299-1304: DOI: 10.25258/ijddt.16. 1299-1304