1 Assistant Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, October 6th University.
2 Assistant Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, October 6th University.
3 Lecturer of Radiology, October 6th University.
4* Lecturer of Obstetrics and Gynecology, October 6th University.
5 Lecturer of Obstetrics and Gynecology, October 6th University.
*Corresponding Author: Elham Abdo Mohamed Mahmoud, Lecturer of Obstetrics and Gynecology, October 6th University.
Received: 20th Feb, 2026 | Revised: 4th Mar, 2026 | Accepted: 25th Mar, 2026 | Available Online: 10th Apr, 2026
Background: The impact of cesarean delivery on cervical and vaginal dimensions remains incompletely characterized, particularly among primigravida women.
Aim: To assess changes in diameter of cervical and vaginal length and vaginal wall lengths before and after cesarean delivery and to evaluate their correlation in primigravida women.
Methods: This analytic cross-sectional study involved 100 primigravida women recruited from October 6 University Hospital, Egypt, from May 2025 to February 2026. All participants underwent transvaginal and transperineal ultrasonography during the third trimester (36–40 weeks) and at 6 weeks postpartum. Cervical length, anterior vaginal wall length, and posterior vaginal wall length were measured. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-tests and correlation coefficients.
Results: Significant increases were observed in all parameters postpartum. Cervical length increased from 2.95 ± 0.27 cm to 3.23 ± 0.48 cm (p < 0.001). Anterior vaginal wall length showed a slight but statistically significant increase from 6.37 ± 0.86 cm to 6.43 ± 0.97 cm (p < 0.001), while posterior vaginal wall length increased from 9.08 ± 0.91 cm to 9.39 ± 1.04 cm (p < 0.001). Strong positive correlations were found between antenatal and postpartum measurements (r = 0.836–0.927, p < 0.001). Postoperative complications were infrequent (7%), with no severe morbidity reported.
Conclusion: Cesarean delivery is associated with small but statistically significant increases in cervical and vaginal lengths, reflecting physiological postpartum remodeling. Individual anatomical characteristics remain largely consistent, and complication rates are low in primigravida women.
Keywords: Cesarean delivery; Cervical length; Vaginal length; Primigravida.
How to cite this article: Abdel Aal AHM, Abolouz ASK, Assem MMM, Mahmoud EAM, Mahmoud MS. Changes in Diameter of Cervical and Vaginal Length Among Primigravida Before and After Cesarean Delivery. Int J Drug Deliv Technol. 2026;16(29s):125-130. DOI: 10.25258/ijddt.16.29s.15
Source of support: Nil.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.