Organ-on-a-chip (OOC) technology has rapidly evolved into a transformative platform for mimicking human physiology, bridging the gap between conventional in vitro models and complex in vivo systems. By integrating microfluidics, biomaterials, tissue engineering, and embedded sensors, OOCs recreate tissue–tissue interfaces, biochemical gradients, mechanical cues, and microenvironmental dynamics that govern human organ function. This review synthesizes insights from recent studies ranging from 3D bioprinted chips, sensor-integrated devices, disease models, and organ-specific advancements to present a cohesive overview of the state-of-the-art in OOC technology. We discuss the design principles, organ-specific platforms, biomedical applications, current limitations, and future directions toward multi-organ systems and personalized medicine. This review highlights the growing role of OOC systems as predictive tools for drug screening, toxicology, disease modeling, and precision therapeutics.
Keywords: Organ-on-a-chip (OOC), Microfluidic, Sensor
How to cite this article: Futane A, Mohd Saad N, Narayanamurthy V, Leong KS, Organ-on-a-Chip Systems for Translational Biomedical Applications. Int J Drug Deliv Technol. 2026;16(2s): 944-950; DOI: 10.25258/ijddt.16.944-950