International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology
Volume 16, Issue 2s

Formulation and Evaluation of Novel Insulin Delivery Systems for Diabetes Mellitus

Sulochana. S. A.1, R. Uma Prabha2, Vaishali Shirsat3, Shweta Telang-Chaudhari4, Swati Madan5, Sunil Shivhari Jaybhaye6, Priya Shukla7, Santosh M. Kurbetti8*

1Sree Siddaganga College of Pharmacy, Gokula Extension, Tumakuru, Karnataka 572103.
2The Oxford College of Pharmacy, Hongasandra, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560068.
3Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Bombay College of Pharmacy (Autonomous), Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai -400098.
4Dept. of AYUSH and InCharge MUHS-DRISHTI, Division of Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences, Healthcare and Translational Innovations (DRISHTI), Maharashtra University of Health Sciences, Address-Vani-Dindori Road, Mhasrul, Nashik INDIA.
5Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Noida.
6Institute of Pharmacy, Pathrikar Campus, Highway No-06, Badnapur. 431202.
7SSR College of pharmacy, Sayli Road, Silvasa Rd, Silvassa, 396240.
8*Radhabai Shinde College of Pharmacy, Bhadgaon, Gadhinglaj, Kolhapur

ABSTRACT

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to absolute or relative insulin deficiency. Despite advances in insulin therapy, conventional subcutaneous administration remains associated with poor patient compliance, fluctuating plasma insulin levels, and an increased risk of hypoglycemia. These limitations necessitate the development of novel insulin delivery systems capable of improving therapeutic efficacy and safety.

Objective: The present study aimed to formulate and evaluate a novel polymeric insulin delivery system designed to provide controlled release, enhanced stability, and improved antidiabetic efficacy.

Methods: Insulin-loaded polymeric nanoparticles were prepared using the ionic gelation technique employing chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate. The formulations were evaluated for particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, in vitro release behavior, release kinetics, stability, and in vivo antidiabetic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc testing.

Results: The optimized formulation exhibited a mean particle size of 198.6 ± 12.4 nm with a positive zeta potential of +28.3 ± 2.1 mV and high encapsulation efficiency (82.3 ± 3.1%). Sustained insulin release up to 24 h was observed. In vivo studies demonstrated a significant and prolonged reduction in blood glucose levels compared to conventional insulin (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The developed novel insulin delivery system demonstrated superior controlled release and enhanced antidiabetic efficacy, indicating its potential as a promising alternative to conventional insulin therapy for diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus; Insulin Delivery Systems; Polymeric Nanoparticles; Controlled Release; Chitosan; Antidiabetic Therapy

How to cite this article: Sulochana SA, Prabha RU, Shirsat V, Telang-Chaudhari S, Madan S, Jaybhaye SS, Shukla P, Kurbetti SM, Formulation and Evaluation of Novel Insulin Delivery Systems for Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Drug Deliv Technol. 2026;16(2s): 134-139; DOI: 10.25258/ijddt.16.134-139