Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that negatively impacts patients' quality of life (QOL), particularly in the elderly population. Pharmaceutical care interventions play a vital role in improving therapeutic outcomes, medication adherence, and patient satisfaction, yet limited data exist on their influence on QOL in older adults with T2DM.
Objective: To assess the impact of pharmaceutical care on the quality of life of geriatric patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted among 80 geriatric patients with T2DM attending the diabetic clinic of a tertiary care hospital. Participants were randomly allocated to an intervention group (pharmaceutical care + standard care) and a control group (standard care only). Quality of life was assessed at baseline and after 9 months using the Modified Diabetes Quality of Life-17 (MDQoL-17) questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS v25, employing t-tests, Chi-square, and multiple linear regression, with p < 0.01 considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean baseline QOL scores were comparable between groups (intervention: 47.9 ± 14.7; control: 45.7 ± 13.4). After 9 months, the intervention group showed a significant improvement in QOL (55.6 ± 12.2; p < 0.001), whereas the control group exhibited a decline (42.0 ± 13.4; p < 0.001). Significant enhancement was observed in the emotional well-being and role limitation domains. Regression analysis revealed that group allocation (β = 0.371, p < 0.001), baseline QOL (β = 0.743, p < 0.001), and socioeconomic status (β = 0.107, p = 0.031) were significant predictors of post-intervention QOL.
Conclusion: Pharmaceutical care significantly improved the quality of life among elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, emphasizing the importance of structured, patient-centered interventions in chronic disease management.
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, pharmaceutical care, quality of life, MDQoL-17, randomized controlled trial, geriatric patients.
How to cite this article: Manju CS, Chandini R, Mathew A, Arul K, Fairoos AM, The Effect of Pharmaceutical Care on the Quality of Life of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Drug Deliv Technol. 2026;16(2s): 311-321; DOI: 10.25258/ijddt.16.311-321