Introduction: One of the biggest worldwide health crises of the modern era is diabetes. A growing number of individuals are affected by this medical condition every year, which can lead to problems that affect lives. Medicinal plants and their products are still a valuable medicinal tool for curing human illness, plant-based antidiabetic treatments have been widely used since ancient times. In this area of study, the potential prevention of diabetes of Habenaria edgeworthii and its medicinal potency responsible for the hypoglycaemic activity have been studied.
Materials and Methodology: Acute oral toxicity was evaluated as per OECD guidelines. In vitro antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH method. In-vitro methods such as alpha-amylase inhibitor activity, Alpha-Glucosidase Enzyme Inhibition Assay, Evaluation of glucose uptake by yeast cells were performed. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test was performed. Animal models such as albino rats and zebrafish were used to examine in-vivo antidiabetic activity. The methods such as antidiabetic study using suitable animal model Low dose streptozotocin and High Fat Diet fed Rodent model and Inducing DM by glucose immersion method in zebra fish were used for in-vivo activity. Retinopathy was also studied in zebrafish. Physical, biochemical and other parameters were evaluated.
Results: The extract demonstrated significant in vitro DPPH radical scavenging activity. AOT showed that MEHE was safe up to 2000 mg/kg with no mortality observed. In vivo studies demonstrated a significant decrease in blood glucose levels was seen upon increasing the dose for Habenaria edgeworthii extract. In vitro, MEHE indicated effective inhibition of both the alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes. Also, percentage of glucose taken was considerable and exhibited dose-dependent action. In-vivo studies in rats showed that there was also a notable decrease in the amount of glucose in the blood starting in the subsequent week of therapy. A significant decrease in blood glucose levels was seen upon increasing the dose for Habenaria edgeworthii extract, the mean levels of TC, TG, and LDL were also significantly lower after receiving a larger dose of the MEHE. Histopathological examination was performed which showed good recovery of islet cells of the pancreas upon higher dose administration of MEHE. In zebrafish, the treatment group also demonstrated a subsequent drop in blood glucose level (BGL). In the retinopathy investigation, optomotor responses likewise showed positive outcomes in test groups.
Conclusion: The outcomes demonstrate that Habenaria edgeworthii has effective antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties, whereas body weight also had an influence.
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Habenaria edgeworthii, blood glucose level, albino rats, zebrafish
How to cite this article: Ingale S, Patil PV, Kadam SU, Shirdhone SD, Patil A, Nadaf P, Shete S, Belamkar S, Preclinical Assessment and Scientometric Analysis of Habenaria edgeworthii in Experimental Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Drug Deliv Technol. 2026;16(4s): 650-664; DOI: 10.25258/ijddt.16.4s.77
Source of support: Nil
Conflict of interest: None