1*Department of Pharmacology, Samarth College of Pharmacy, Deulgaon Raja, Maharashtra, India
ORCID ID: 0009-0001-8012-0736
2Department of Pharmacology, Samarth College of Pharmacy, Deulgaon Raja, Maharashtra, India
ORCID ID: 0009-0003-3691-463X
3Department of Pharmacology, Samarth College of Pharmacy, Deulgaon Raja, Maharashtra, India
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2163-2974
Hyperlipidemia and thrombosis are key pathological drivers of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and atherosclerotic progression. Although statins and synthetic thrombolytic agents constitute first-line therapeutic options, their prolonged use is often constrained by adverse reactions, economic burden, and bleeding complications. These limitations have intensified interest in plant-derived interventions as safer and preventive alternatives.
This narrative review systematically examines medicinal plants exhibiting antihyperlipidemic and thrombolytic activity, with particular emphasis on mechanistic pathways relevant to cardiovascular prevention. Findings from in vitro experiments, animal studies, and limited clinical investigations suggest that phytoconstituents such as flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, and omega-3 fatty acids modulate lipid homeostasis through inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis, enhanced bile acid elimination, regulation of lipid-metabolizing enzymes, and protection against oxidative modification of LDL.
Additionally, several plant species demonstrate fibrinolytic potential by facilitating plasminogen activation, promoting fibrin breakdown, inhibiting platelet aggregation, and attenuating pro-coagulant signaling. In vitro assessment of a polyherbal formulation containing Allium cepa and Linum usitatissimum revealed significant clot-lysis activity relative to negative controls, indicating synergistic thrombolytic effects.
Collectively, medicinal plants may serve as valuable adjuncts in cardiovascular risk reduction; however, rigorous clinical trials, extract standardization, and pharmacokinetic characterization are required before their incorporation into evidence-based cardiovascular prevention frameworks.
Keywords: Hyperlipidemia; Thrombosis; Cardiovascular prevention; Medicinal plants; Hypertension risk.
How to cite this article: Ghube DD, Tangade KM, Tathe PR. Antihyperlipidemic and thrombolytic potential of medicinal plants: implications for cardiovascular prevention. Int J Drug Deliv Technol. 2026;16(7s): 846-855; DOI: 10.25258/ijddt.16.7s.90
Source of support: Nil
Conflict of interest: None